Background. In recent years, studies have noted a decrease in the probability of the occurrence of malignant tumors and metastasis due to the antitumor properties of medicinal mushrooms, antiproliferative effect, apoptosis of malignant cells, immunostimulating effect. Medicinal mushrooms can increase the effectiveness of traditional chemotherapy due to the radioprotective effect, reduce toxicity and reduce resistance to traditional chemotherapy when used in combination.
Aim: To analyze the influence of Ganoderma Licidum, Fomitopsis pinicola, Ganoderma sinense, Fomitopsis officinalis, Polyporus melanopus, Taiwanofungus camphorates and Talaromyces purpureogenus on malignant neoplasms and the mechanisms of such an influence.
Materials and methods. Search for sources of Ukrainian and foreign literature for an analytical review by key words Ganoderma Licidum, Fomitopsis pinicola, Ganoderma sinense, Fomitopsis officinalis, Polyporus melanopus, Taiwanofungus camphorate and Talaromyces purpureogenus with the help of the Pubmed medical scientific database for the period 1995-2023.
Results. Ganoderma Licidum and Taiwanofungus camphorate exerted cytotoxic, antiproliferative effects and sometimes induced apoptosis of some malignant cell lines. Stimulation of the immune response is the most proven mechanism of antitumor action of medicinal mushrooms, the mechanisms of antiproliferative action, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of malignant cells under the influence of medicinal mushrooms have not been sufficiently studied. Ganoderma acid contained in Ganoderma Licidum and Ganoderma sinense, ubiquinone 4 Acetylanthroquinonol B (4 AAQB) and Q0 in Taiwanofungus camphorate are considered as the basis for new anticancer drugs.
Conclusion. Preparations from Ganoderma Licidum and Taiwanofungus camphorates (Antrodia) are promising for combined use together with traditional antitumor therapy and separately as a prophylactic agent, however, the problem needs further study.